People who have only one kidney, who have immune system disorders such as diabetes or HIV, or who have had a transplant will need treatment right away. If hydronephrosis is not treated, the affected kidney may be permanently damaged. Kidney failure is rare if the other kidney is working normally. However, kidney failure will occur if there is only one functioning kidney.
UTI and pain may also occur. Call your health care provider if you have ongoing or severe flank pain, or fever, or if you think you may have hydronephrosis. Hydronephrosis; Chronic hydronephrosis; Acute hydronephrosis; Urinary obstruction; Unilateral hydronephrosis; Nephrolithiasis - hydronephrosis; Kidney stone - hydronephrosis; Renal calculi - hydronephrosis; Ureteral calculi - hydronephrosis; Vesicoureteral reflux - hydronephrosis; Obstructive uropathy - hydronephrosis. Urinary tract obstruction.
Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. Sometimes there is an obstruction in the bladder, kidney, or linking tubes. This also prevents urine from leaving the kidney. The underlying cause could also be a blockage, pressure, or flow issue from outside the urinary system. In adults, many things can cause an obstruction, but it is usually due to an underlying medical condition. For example:.
In babies, an obstruction may happen if a part of the urinary system develops incorrectly before birth. Doctors typically use a hydronephrosis ultrasound scan to diagnose the condition. Most people will have an ultrasound scan during pregnancy to check the health of the developing fetus.
These tests can help find the underlying cause of the hydronephrosis. A voiding cystourethrogram is a special X-ray that shows if reflux or obstruction is present. The doctor adds a dye to the urine in the bladder. This helps show the path of urine flow on an X-ray. Doctors use this test to diagnose VUR in adults and babies. When hydronephrosis is severe, doctors may need to drain the backlog of urine in order to reduce the pressure on the bladder and the risk of permanent kidney injury.
They do this by inserting a thin tube called a catheter through the urethra into the bladder or a special tube called a nephrostomy tube into the kidney. Before treating the underlying cause of hydronephrosis, the doctor may prescribe something to control any pain. They can also prescribe an antibiotic to treat or prevent a urinary tract infection.
In adults, the underlying cause of hydronephrosis can sometimes just fix itself. More often, however, a doctor will need to do surgery to remove the obstruction or fix the reflux. Hydronephrosis occurs when a kidney has an excess of fluid due to a backup of urine, often caused by an obstruction in the upper part of the urinary tract. Kidney swelling can result, causing the part of the kidney called the renal pelvis to bulge distend , leading to possible kidney scarring and impaired kidney function.
Hydronephrosis is swelling of one or both kidneys. Kidney swelling happens when urine can't drain from a kidney and builds up in the kidney as a result. This can occur from a blockage in the tubes that drain urine from the kidneys ureters or from an anatomical defect that doesn't allow urine to drain properly. Hydronephrosis can happen at any age. Hydronephrosis in children may be diagnosed during infancy or sometimes during a prenatal ultrasound before the baby is born.
Hydronephrosis doesn't always cause symptoms. When they occur, signs and symptoms of hydronephrosis might include:. Normally, urine passes from the kidney through a tube called a ureter that drains into the bladder, and then out of the body.
If left untreated, the pressure of the built-up urine which normally flows easily through the urinary tract may cause pain, swelling and permanent damage to the kidneys. It is important to seek help if you experience this condition, since untreated hydronephrosis can lead to permanent loss of kidney function, a life-threatening condition. Hydronephrosis may be unilateral, involving one kidney, or bilateral, involving both.
It is closely related to hydroureter, or swelling of the ureter, and often coincides or causes this condition. The symptoms of hydronephrosis will vary depending on how long you have had the obstruction, but will likely include some or all of the following:.
For women, one of the most common symptoms of a swollen kidney or hydronephrosis is a urinary tract infection, or UTI. Common symptoms of a UTI, in addition to frequent and painful urination mentioned above, would also include:.
Hydronephrosis, and UTIs as well, are potentially very serious conditions which can lead to other complications, such as kidney infection or blood poisoning, if left untreated.
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